Seaweeds: source of nutrients and health
Main Article Content
Abstract
At present, nutrition is developing substantial changes and now it has begun to hear about "functional foods". These foods should, additionally to its nutritional value, contribute to the maintenance of health and well-being and to diminish risk to suffering some illness. Marine organisms constitute a potential source of these types of foods, especially seaweeds because of their well-known biodiversity of species as well as their chemical diversity. Considering that seaweeds constitute an important source of nutritive substances (vitamins, minerals, polysaccharides) and bioactives substances (as polyunsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, polyphenols, among others), the purpose of the present paper was to perform a brief revision of the potentialities of uses of seaweeds as nutraceutics according to their therapeutic properties (antioxidative, antitumoral, antiviral and as liver and brain protectors), as well as a brief review of the results that have been obtained by Cuban researcher in order to increase the study of seaweeds present in the Cuban seashores in order to develop the sustainable use of them.
Article Details
How to Cite
García JiménezT., Hernández RiveraY., & Valdés IglesiasO. (2020). Seaweeds: source of nutrients and health. Cub@: Medio Ambiente Y Desarrollo, 10(19). Retrieved from https://cmad.ama.cu/index.php/cmad/article/view/151
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Original Article
References
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Aguilera, M., Casas, M., Carrillo, S., González, B. y Pérez, F. 2005. Chemical composition and microbiological assays of marine algae Enteromorpha sp. as a potential food source, J. Food Compos. Anal. 18, pp. 79-88.
Ananthi, S., Balaji, H., Gopalan, A., Gayathri, V., Ramakrishnan, G. y Vasanthi, H. 2010. In vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of crude polysaccharide from Turbinaria ornate (marine brown alga). Food and Chemical Toxicology 48, pp. 187-192.
Anuario FAO. 2006. Alcance de la industria de las algas marinas en El estado mundial de la pesca y la acuicultura, Parte 3: Puntos más salientes de los estudios especiales de la FAO, pp. 113-118.
Athukorala, Y., Jung, W., Vasanthan, T. y Jeon, Y. 2006. An anticoagulative polysaccharide from an enzymatic hydrolysate of Ecklonia cava. Carbohydrate Polymers 66, pp.184-191.
Awad, N. E. 2000. Biologically active steroid from the green alga Ulva lactuca. Phytother. Res. 14, pp. 641-643.
Bourgues, H., 1990. La ateroesclerosis y sus causas. Vol. 13 (6): 17-29.
Burtin, P., 2003. Nutritional value of seaweeds. Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food. Chem. 2 (4).
Cano, M., Díaz, J., Valdés, O. y Bustio, I. 2007. Componentes químicos y biomasa de Ulva fasciata (Chlorophyta) en la costa Norte de la Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. Hidrobiológica 17 (1): 41-51.
Dias, P., Siquieria, J., Vendrusco L., Neiva T., Gagliaerdi A., Maraschi M., Ribeiro-do-Valle, R. 2005. Antiangiogenic and antitumoral properties of from the seaweed Sargassum stenophyllum. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 56: 436–446.
Fallarero, A., Polteketo, A., Loikkanen, J., Tammela, P., Vidal, A. y Vuorela, P. 2006. Effects of the aqueos extract of Bryothanium triquetrum on chemical hypoxia and glycemia-induced damage in GT 1-7 mouse hypotalamic immortalized cells. Phytomedicine 13, pp. 240-245.
Freile, P. 2001. Algas en la "botica", Rev. Avance y Perpectiva 20, pp. 283-292.
Godard, M., Décorde, K., Ventura, E., Soteras, G., Baccou, J., Cristol, J. y Rouanet, J. 2009. Polysaccharides from the green alga Ulva rigida improve the antioxidant status and prevent fatty streak lesions in the high colesterol fed hamster, an animal model of nutritionally-induced atherosclerosis. Food Chemistry 115, pp. 176-180.
González, R., Rodríguez, S., Romay, C. Ancheta, O., González, A., Armesta, J., Ramírez, D. y Merino, N. 1999. Anti-inflammatory activity of phycocyanin extract in acid-inducedcolitis in rats. Pharmacological research 39 (1): 55-59.
Hay M., 2009. Marine chemical ecology: Chemical signals and cues structure marine populations, communities, and ecosystems. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 1:193–212
Institute of Food Technologists (IFT), 2005. Functional foods: Opportunities and challenges. Experte Report, 66 pp.
Ikeda, K., Kitamura, A., Machida, H., Watanabe, M., Negishi, H., Hiraoka, J. y Nakano, T. 2003. Effect of Undaria Pinnatifida (Wakame) on the development of cerebrovascular diseases in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 30, pp. 44-48
Itoh, H., Noda, H., Amano, H., Zhuaug, C., Mizuo, T y Itoh, H., 1993. Antitumor activity and immunological properties of marine algal polysaccharides, especially fucoidan, prepared from Sargassum thumbergii of Phaeophyceae. Anticancer. Res. 13, pp. 2045-2052.
Jiménez-Escrig, A. y Goñi, C. 1999. Nutritional evaluation and physiological effects of edible seaweeds. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 49, pp. 114-120.
Kaeffer, B., Benard, C., Lahave, M., Blottiere, H., Cherbut, C. 1999. Biological properties of ulvan, a new source of green seaweed sulfated polysaccharides, on cultured normal and cancerous colonic epithelial cells. Planta Med. 65 (6), 527-531.
Kazlowska, K., Hsu, T., Hou, C., Yang, J. y Tsai, G. 2010. Anti-inflammatory properties of phenolic compounds and crude extract from Porphyra dentata. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 128, pp. 123-130.
Kwon M. y Nam T. 2007. A polysaccharide of the marine alga Capsosiphon fulvescens induces apoptosis in AGS gasytric cancer cells via an IGF-IR-mediated P13K/Akt pathway. Cell Biology Internacional 31, pp. 765-775.
Ledesma, L., Gregorio, R., Valdés, O., González, N., Varona, N. y Abreu, M. 1999. Algunas características nutricionales de la macroalga Ulva sp. de la plataforma insular cubana. Rev. Alimentaria, julio-agosto, pp. 53-54.
Llanio, M., Fernández, M. D., Valdés, O., Delponte, C., Backhause, N., Hernández, I., Cabrera, B. y Díaz, C. 2003. Búsqueda de actividades anti-inflamatoria, analgésica y antioxidante en algunas algas del las costas cubanas. Avicennia, pp. 44-52.
Mori TA, Beilin LJ. 2001. Long-chain omega 3 fatty acids, blood lipids and cardiovascular reduction. Curr Opin Lipidol. 12: 11 - 17
Nakamura, T., Nagayakama, K., Kawaguchi, S. 1994. High tocopherol content in a brown alga Ishige okamurae. Fish Sci. 60 (6): 793-794.
Nisizawa, K., 2006. Seaweeds Kaiso, Bountiful Harvest from the Seas. In World Seaweed Resources A.T. Critchley, M. Ohno, y D.B. Largo (eds.).ETI Bioinformatics. Univ. of Amsterdam, Netherland, pp. 1-86.
Raghavendran, H.RB., Sathivel, A., Devaki, T. 2005. Protective effect of Sargassum polycystum (brown alga) against acetaminophen-induced lipid peroxidation in rats. Phytother Res. 19 (2):113-115.
Rupédez, P. 2002 Mineral content of edible marine seaweeds. Food Chemestry 79, pp. 23-26.
Saito, M., Nagoya, K., Hagino, H. y Hawai, M. 2000. Antihypertensive effect of oligopeptides derived from Nori on rats. Jpn. J. Med. Pharm. Sci. 43 (3): 529-538.
Silva, T., Alves, Queiroz, L., Santos, M., Marques, C., Chavante, S., Rocha, H. y Leite, 2005. Partial characterization and anticoagulant activity of a heterofucan from the brown seaweed Padina gymnospora. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. Vol 38 (4): 523-533.
Suárez, A. 2005. Lista de Macroalgas Marinas Cubanas. Rev. Inv. Marinas 26 (2): 96-148.
Suetsuna, K. y Nakano, T. 2000. Identification of antihypertensive peptides from peptic digest of Wakame. J. Nutr. Biochem. 11, pp. 450-454.
Sun, A. Y., Wang, Q., Simonyi, A. y Grace, Y. 2008. Sun botanical phenolics and brain health. Neuromol. Med. 10, pp. 259-274.
Tsang, C. y Kamei, Y. 2004. Sargaquinoic acid supports the survival of neuronal PC12D cells in a nerve growth factor-independent manner. European Journal of Pharmacology 488, pp. 11-18.
Tsang, C., Ina, A., Gotob, T. y Kamei, Y. 2005. Sargachromenol, a novel nerve growth factor-potentiating substance isolated from Sargassum macrocarpum, promotes neurite outgrowth and survival via distinct signaling pathways in Pc12d cells. Neuroscience 132, pp. 633-643.
Tukemuto, T., Duigo, K. y Tukagi N. 1995. Study of the hypotensive constituents of marine algae III. Determination of laminarin in Laminariaceae. J. Pharm. Soc. Japan 85 pp.
Valdés, O. 2006. Informe de proyecto: Características química-farmacológica de algunas algas del archipiélago cubano con fines alimentarios, abordó el estudio en seis géneros de algas. Fondo de la Agencia de Medio Ambiente.
Valdés, O., Hernández Y., Hernández I., Rodríguez M., cano M., Laguna A., Cabrera B. 2008. Actividad antioxidante de algas y plantas marinas de la plataforma insular cubana. Ciencia Farmaceutica Vol. 2(4): 160-165.
Valdés O. 2009. Informe de proyecto: Evaluación de dos especies de Sargassum sp y Ulva sp. con fines nutracéuticos. Fondo de la Agencia de Medio Ambiente.
Viana, G. S. B., Freitas, A. L. P., Lima, M. M. L., Vieira, L. A. P., Andrade, M. C. H. y Benevides, N. M. B. 2002. Antinociceptive activity of sulfated carbohydrates from the red algae Bryothamnion seaforthii (Turner) Kutz. and B. triquetrum (SG Gmel) M. Howe. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 35, pp. 713-722.
Wiemer, D. E., Idler, D. D. y Fenical, W. 1991. Vidalols A and B, new antiinfammatory bromophenols from the Caribbean marine red alga Vidalia obtusaloba. Experientia 47, pp. 851-853.
Watanabe, F., Takenaka, S., Katsura, H., Masumder, Z. H., SAM, Abe, K., Tamura, Y. y Nakano, Y. 1999. Dried green and purple lavers (Nori) contain substantial amounts of biologically active vitamin B12 but less of dietary iodine relative to other edible seaweeds. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47, pp. 2341-2343.
Zhu, W., Chiu, L., Ooi, V., Chan, P. y Ang, P., 2006. Antiviral property and mechanisms of a sulphated polysaccharide from the brown alga Sargassum patens against herpes simplex virus type 1. Jr. Phytomedicine 13, pp. 695-701.
Zoysa, M., Nikapitiya, C., Jeon, Y, Jee, Y. y Lee, J., 2007. Anticoagulant activity of sulfated polysaccharide isolated from fermented brown seaweed Sargassum fulvellum. J Appl Phycol. 20:67–74
Aguilera, M., Casas, M., Carrillo, S., González, B. y Pérez, F. 2005. Chemical composition and microbiological assays of marine algae Enteromorpha sp. as a potential food source, J. Food Compos. Anal. 18, pp. 79-88.
Ananthi, S., Balaji, H., Gopalan, A., Gayathri, V., Ramakrishnan, G. y Vasanthi, H. 2010. In vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of crude polysaccharide from Turbinaria ornate (marine brown alga). Food and Chemical Toxicology 48, pp. 187-192.
Anuario FAO. 2006. Alcance de la industria de las algas marinas en El estado mundial de la pesca y la acuicultura, Parte 3: Puntos más salientes de los estudios especiales de la FAO, pp. 113-118.
Athukorala, Y., Jung, W., Vasanthan, T. y Jeon, Y. 2006. An anticoagulative polysaccharide from an enzymatic hydrolysate of Ecklonia cava. Carbohydrate Polymers 66, pp.184-191.
Awad, N. E. 2000. Biologically active steroid from the green alga Ulva lactuca. Phytother. Res. 14, pp. 641-643.
Bourgues, H., 1990. La ateroesclerosis y sus causas. Vol. 13 (6): 17-29.
Burtin, P., 2003. Nutritional value of seaweeds. Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food. Chem. 2 (4).
Cano, M., Díaz, J., Valdés, O. y Bustio, I. 2007. Componentes químicos y biomasa de Ulva fasciata (Chlorophyta) en la costa Norte de la Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. Hidrobiológica 17 (1): 41-51.
Dias, P., Siquieria, J., Vendrusco L., Neiva T., Gagliaerdi A., Maraschi M., Ribeiro-do-Valle, R. 2005. Antiangiogenic and antitumoral properties of from the seaweed Sargassum stenophyllum. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 56: 436–446.
Fallarero, A., Polteketo, A., Loikkanen, J., Tammela, P., Vidal, A. y Vuorela, P. 2006. Effects of the aqueos extract of Bryothanium triquetrum on chemical hypoxia and glycemia-induced damage in GT 1-7 mouse hypotalamic immortalized cells. Phytomedicine 13, pp. 240-245.
Freile, P. 2001. Algas en la "botica", Rev. Avance y Perpectiva 20, pp. 283-292.
Godard, M., Décorde, K., Ventura, E., Soteras, G., Baccou, J., Cristol, J. y Rouanet, J. 2009. Polysaccharides from the green alga Ulva rigida improve the antioxidant status and prevent fatty streak lesions in the high colesterol fed hamster, an animal model of nutritionally-induced atherosclerosis. Food Chemistry 115, pp. 176-180.
González, R., Rodríguez, S., Romay, C. Ancheta, O., González, A., Armesta, J., Ramírez, D. y Merino, N. 1999. Anti-inflammatory activity of phycocyanin extract in acid-inducedcolitis in rats. Pharmacological research 39 (1): 55-59.
Hay M., 2009. Marine chemical ecology: Chemical signals and cues structure marine populations, communities, and ecosystems. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 1:193–212
Institute of Food Technologists (IFT), 2005. Functional foods: Opportunities and challenges. Experte Report, 66 pp.
Ikeda, K., Kitamura, A., Machida, H., Watanabe, M., Negishi, H., Hiraoka, J. y Nakano, T. 2003. Effect of Undaria Pinnatifida (Wakame) on the development of cerebrovascular diseases in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 30, pp. 44-48
Itoh, H., Noda, H., Amano, H., Zhuaug, C., Mizuo, T y Itoh, H., 1993. Antitumor activity and immunological properties of marine algal polysaccharides, especially fucoidan, prepared from Sargassum thumbergii of Phaeophyceae. Anticancer. Res. 13, pp. 2045-2052.
Jiménez-Escrig, A. y Goñi, C. 1999. Nutritional evaluation and physiological effects of edible seaweeds. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 49, pp. 114-120.
Kaeffer, B., Benard, C., Lahave, M., Blottiere, H., Cherbut, C. 1999. Biological properties of ulvan, a new source of green seaweed sulfated polysaccharides, on cultured normal and cancerous colonic epithelial cells. Planta Med. 65 (6), 527-531.
Kazlowska, K., Hsu, T., Hou, C., Yang, J. y Tsai, G. 2010. Anti-inflammatory properties of phenolic compounds and crude extract from Porphyra dentata. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 128, pp. 123-130.
Kwon M. y Nam T. 2007. A polysaccharide of the marine alga Capsosiphon fulvescens induces apoptosis in AGS gasytric cancer cells via an IGF-IR-mediated P13K/Akt pathway. Cell Biology Internacional 31, pp. 765-775.
Ledesma, L., Gregorio, R., Valdés, O., González, N., Varona, N. y Abreu, M. 1999. Algunas características nutricionales de la macroalga Ulva sp. de la plataforma insular cubana. Rev. Alimentaria, julio-agosto, pp. 53-54.
Llanio, M., Fernández, M. D., Valdés, O., Delponte, C., Backhause, N., Hernández, I., Cabrera, B. y Díaz, C. 2003. Búsqueda de actividades anti-inflamatoria, analgésica y antioxidante en algunas algas del las costas cubanas. Avicennia, pp. 44-52.
Mori TA, Beilin LJ. 2001. Long-chain omega 3 fatty acids, blood lipids and cardiovascular reduction. Curr Opin Lipidol. 12: 11 - 17
Nakamura, T., Nagayakama, K., Kawaguchi, S. 1994. High tocopherol content in a brown alga Ishige okamurae. Fish Sci. 60 (6): 793-794.
Nisizawa, K., 2006. Seaweeds Kaiso, Bountiful Harvest from the Seas. In World Seaweed Resources A.T. Critchley, M. Ohno, y D.B. Largo (eds.).ETI Bioinformatics. Univ. of Amsterdam, Netherland, pp. 1-86.
Raghavendran, H.RB., Sathivel, A., Devaki, T. 2005. Protective effect of Sargassum polycystum (brown alga) against acetaminophen-induced lipid peroxidation in rats. Phytother Res. 19 (2):113-115.
Rupédez, P. 2002 Mineral content of edible marine seaweeds. Food Chemestry 79, pp. 23-26.
Saito, M., Nagoya, K., Hagino, H. y Hawai, M. 2000. Antihypertensive effect of oligopeptides derived from Nori on rats. Jpn. J. Med. Pharm. Sci. 43 (3): 529-538.
Silva, T., Alves, Queiroz, L., Santos, M., Marques, C., Chavante, S., Rocha, H. y Leite, 2005. Partial characterization and anticoagulant activity of a heterofucan from the brown seaweed Padina gymnospora. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. Vol 38 (4): 523-533.
Suárez, A. 2005. Lista de Macroalgas Marinas Cubanas. Rev. Inv. Marinas 26 (2): 96-148.
Suetsuna, K. y Nakano, T. 2000. Identification of antihypertensive peptides from peptic digest of Wakame. J. Nutr. Biochem. 11, pp. 450-454.
Sun, A. Y., Wang, Q., Simonyi, A. y Grace, Y. 2008. Sun botanical phenolics and brain health. Neuromol. Med. 10, pp. 259-274.
Tsang, C. y Kamei, Y. 2004. Sargaquinoic acid supports the survival of neuronal PC12D cells in a nerve growth factor-independent manner. European Journal of Pharmacology 488, pp. 11-18.
Tsang, C., Ina, A., Gotob, T. y Kamei, Y. 2005. Sargachromenol, a novel nerve growth factor-potentiating substance isolated from Sargassum macrocarpum, promotes neurite outgrowth and survival via distinct signaling pathways in Pc12d cells. Neuroscience 132, pp. 633-643.
Tukemuto, T., Duigo, K. y Tukagi N. 1995. Study of the hypotensive constituents of marine algae III. Determination of laminarin in Laminariaceae. J. Pharm. Soc. Japan 85 pp.
Valdés, O. 2006. Informe de proyecto: Características química-farmacológica de algunas algas del archipiélago cubano con fines alimentarios, abordó el estudio en seis géneros de algas. Fondo de la Agencia de Medio Ambiente.
Valdés, O., Hernández Y., Hernández I., Rodríguez M., cano M., Laguna A., Cabrera B. 2008. Actividad antioxidante de algas y plantas marinas de la plataforma insular cubana. Ciencia Farmaceutica Vol. 2(4): 160-165.
Valdés O. 2009. Informe de proyecto: Evaluación de dos especies de Sargassum sp y Ulva sp. con fines nutracéuticos. Fondo de la Agencia de Medio Ambiente.
Viana, G. S. B., Freitas, A. L. P., Lima, M. M. L., Vieira, L. A. P., Andrade, M. C. H. y Benevides, N. M. B. 2002. Antinociceptive activity of sulfated carbohydrates from the red algae Bryothamnion seaforthii (Turner) Kutz. and B. triquetrum (SG Gmel) M. Howe. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 35, pp. 713-722.
Wiemer, D. E., Idler, D. D. y Fenical, W. 1991. Vidalols A and B, new antiinfammatory bromophenols from the Caribbean marine red alga Vidalia obtusaloba. Experientia 47, pp. 851-853.
Watanabe, F., Takenaka, S., Katsura, H., Masumder, Z. H., SAM, Abe, K., Tamura, Y. y Nakano, Y. 1999. Dried green and purple lavers (Nori) contain substantial amounts of biologically active vitamin B12 but less of dietary iodine relative to other edible seaweeds. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47, pp. 2341-2343.
Zhu, W., Chiu, L., Ooi, V., Chan, P. y Ang, P., 2006. Antiviral property and mechanisms of a sulphated polysaccharide from the brown alga Sargassum patens against herpes simplex virus type 1. Jr. Phytomedicine 13, pp. 695-701.
Zoysa, M., Nikapitiya, C., Jeon, Y, Jee, Y. y Lee, J., 2007. Anticoagulant activity of sulfated polysaccharide isolated from fermented brown seaweed Sargassum fulvellum. J Appl Phycol. 20:67–74